The foundation of all mathematics
Addition is the most fundamental arithmetic operation. It combines two or more numbers into a single sum. Mastering addition is essential for all higher mathematics — every multiplication, fraction, and algebra problem builds on it.
Adding two single-digit numbers (e.g. 3 + 5 = 8). This is the starting point for all mental math.
When the sum of a column exceeds 9, you carry the extra to the next column. For example, 47 + 38 requires carrying because 7 + 8 = 15.
Break numbers into round parts. To add 47 + 38, add 47 + 30 = 77, then 77 + 8 = 85. This is faster than carrying mentally.
Add column by column from right to left, carrying over when needed. With practice, you can do this mentally for 3-digit numbers.
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